This page describes how Python is handled in Homebrew for users. Download zoom to my mac. See Python for Formula Authors for advice on writing formulae to install packages written in Python.
Python has been installed as $(brew -prefix)/opt/python@3.8/bin/python3 Unversioned symlinks `python`, `python-config`, `pip` etc. Microsoft hosts a community release of Python 3 in the Microsoft Store. This is the recommended way to install Python on Windows because it handles updates automatically and can be uninstalled easily too. To use this method: open the Microsoft store and search for Python. Installs (30 days) boost-python3: 1,870: boost-python3 -HEAD: 2: Installs on Request (30 days) boost-python3: 1,221: boost-python3 -HEAD: 2: Build Errors (30 days).
Homebrew should work with any CPython and defaults to the macOS system Python.
Homebrew provides formulae to brew Python 3.x.
Homebrew provided a python@2 formula until the end of 2019, at which point it was removed due to the Python 2 deprecation. Download music from mac to android.
Important: If you choose to use a Python which isn’t either of these two (system Python or brewed Python), the Homebrew team cannot support any breakage that may occur.
Python 3.x
No sleep mac download. Homebrew provides a formula for Python 3.x (python@3.x).
Important: Python may be upgraded to a newer version at any time. Consider using a versionmanager such as pyenv if you require stability of minor or patch versions for virtual environments.
The executables are organised as follows:
python3points to Homebrew’s Python 3.x (if installed)pip3points to Homebrew’s Python 3.x’s pip (if installed)
Unversioned symlinks for python, python-config, pip etc. are installed here:
Setuptools, Pip, etc.
The Python formulae install pip (as pip3) and Setuptools.
Setuptools can be updated via pip3, without having to re-brew Python:
Similarly, pip3 can be used to upgrade itself via:
site-packages and the PYTHONPATH
The site-packages is a directory that contains Python modules (especially bindings installed by other formulae). Homebrew creates it here:
So, for Python 3.y.z, you’ll find it at /usr/local/lib/python3.y/site-packages.
Python 3.y also searches for modules in:
/Library/Python/3.y/site-packages~/Library/Python/3.y/lib/python/site-packages
Homebrew’s site-packages directory is first created if (1) any Homebrew formula with Python bindings are installed, or (2) upon brew install python.
Why here?
The reasoning for this location is to preserve your modules between (minor) upgrades or re-installations of Python. Additionally, Homebrew has a strict policy never to write stuff outside of the brew --prefix, so we don’t spam your system.
Homebrew-provided Python bindings
Some formulae provide Python bindings.
Warning! Python may crash (see Common Issues) if you import <module> from a brewed Python if you ran brew install <formula_with_python_bindings> against the system Python. If you decide to switch to the brewed Python, then reinstall all formulae with Python bindings (e.g. pyside, wxwidgets, pygtk, pygobject, opencv, vtk and boost-python).
Policy for non-brewed Python bindings
These should be installed via pip install <package>. To discover, you can use pip search or https://pypi.python.org/pypi.
Note: macOS’s system Python does not provide pip. Follow the pip documentation to install it for your system Python if you would like it.
Brewed Python modules
For brewed Python, modules installed with pip3 or python3 setup.py install will be installed to the $(brew --prefix)/lib/pythonX.Y/site-packages directory (explained above). Executable Python scripts will be in $(brew --prefix)/bin.
The system Python may not know which compiler flags to set in order to build bindings for software installed in Homebrew so you may need to run:
Virtualenv
WARNING: When you brew install formulae that provide Python bindings, you should not be in an active virtual environment.
Activate the virtualenv after you’ve brewed, or brew in a fresh terminal window.Homebrew will still install Python modules into Homebrew’s site-packages and not into the virtual environment’s site-package.
Virtualenv has a --system-site-packages switch to allow “global” (i.e. Homebrew’s) site-packages to be accessible from within the virtualenv.
Why is Homebrew’s Python being installed as a dependency?
Formulae that declare an unconditional dependency on the 'python' formula are bottled against Homebrew’s Python 3.x and require it to be installed.
Mac OS X comes with Python 2.7 out of the box.
You do not need to install or configure anything else to use Python 2. Theseinstructions document the installation of Python 3.
The version of Python that ships with OS X is great for learning, but it’s notgood for development. The version shipped with OS X may be out of date from theofficial current Python release,which is considered the stable production version.
Doing it Right¶
Let’s install a real version of Python.
Before installing Python, you’ll need to install GCC. GCC can be obtainedby downloading Xcode, the smallerCommand Line Tools (must have anApple account) or the even smaller OSX-GCC-Installerpackage.
Note
If you already have Xcode installed, do not install OSX-GCC-Installer.In combination, the software can cause issues that are difficult todiagnose.
Note
If you perform a fresh install of Xcode, you will also need to add thecommandline tools by running xcode-select--install on the terminal.
While OS X comes with a large number of Unix utilities, those familiar withLinux systems will notice one key component missing: a package manager.Homebrew fills this void.
To install Homebrew, open Terminal oryour favorite OS X terminal emulator and run
The script will explain what changes it will make and prompt you before theinstallation begins.Once you’ve installed Homebrew, insert the Homebrew directory at the topof your PATH environment variable. You can do this by adding the followingline at the bottom of your ~/.profile file
If you have OS X 10.12 (Sierra) or older use this line instead
Now, we can install Python 3:
This will take a minute or two.
Pip¶
Homebrew installs pip pointing to the Homebrew’d Python 3 for you.
Working with Python 3¶
At this point, you have the system Python 2.7 available, potentially theHomebrew version of Python 2 installed, and the Homebrewversion of Python 3 as well.
will launch the Homebrew-installed Python 3 interpreter.
will launch the Homebrew-installed Python 2 interpreter (if any).
will launch the Homebrew-installed Python 3 interpreter.
If the Homebrew version of Python 2 is installed then pip2 will point to Python 2.If the Homebrew version of Python 3 is installed then pip will point to Python 3.
Brew Install Python 3.9
The rest of the guide will assume that python references Python 3.
Pipenv & Virtual Environments¶
The next step is to install Pipenv, so you can install dependencies and manage virtual environments.
A Virtual Environment is a tool to keep the dependencies required by different projectsin separate places, by creating virtual Python environments for them. It solves the“Project X depends on version 1.x but, Project Y needs 4.x” dilemma, and keepsyour global site-packages directory clean and manageable.
How To Install Python 3 On Mac
For example, you can work on a project which requires Django 1.10 while alsomaintaining a project which requires Django 1.8.
So, onward! To the Pipenv & Virtual Environments docs!
Brew Python3 Free
This page is a remixed version of another guide,which is available under the same license.